Literary+Terms

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=Literary Terms=

This is where you will list in alphabetical order the literary terms that we will be learning in 7th grade. Remember that you can add any term or word to this list. The only conditions are that it must be related to English and you must keep them in ABC order. You will receive bonus points for adding anchor links to each of the terms. Each term should be formatted as a "heading 2" just like alliteration below. Here is the word list: Narrative climax, topic, theme, imagery, figurative language, simile, metaphor, hyperbole, onomatopea, internal text structures, connotation, denotation, and setting.

Abecedarius
An abecedarius is an acrostic (according to dictionary.com an acrostic is "a series of lines or verses in which the first, last, or other particular letters when taken in order spell out a word, phrase, etc.") in which the first letter of every word, strophe, or verse follows the order of the alphabet ex.
 * A** **B**ear **C**limbed **D**own
 * E**ast **F**rom **G**reat **H**eight
 * I**n **J**est **K**illing **L**ame
 * M**illipedes **N**ever **O**ffending
 * P**retty **Q**ueens **R**ealizing
 * S**omewhere **T**hat **U**mbrellas
 * V**isit **W**ell-tuned **X**ylophones
 * Y**early **Z**immerman

Example courtesy of wikipedia.org -Nathan Clark

Alliteration
Alliteration is what a writer does when there are many words in a row that have the same first sound of words. For example: **S**he **s**lowly **s**lid **s**ideways down the **s**andy **s**unny **s**treet. The first video is what a second grade class did using alliteration. media type="custom" key="436887"

Analogy
(5-14-08 by Benny Gardner)

Analogy is the comparison of two pairs which have the same relationship. Opposites are what you usually find. **Example:** hot is to cold as fire is to ice found at http://www.tnellen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/analogy.html media type="custom" key="757781"

Angry Young Men
It has changed meaning over time, and has become a //cliché// when used more generically, to refer to a young person who strongly criticises political and social institutions.
 * Angry Young Men** (or //Angries// for short) is a journalistic catchphrase applied to a number of British playwrights and novelists from the mid-1950s. The phrase was originally used by British newspapers after the success of the play //Look Back in Anger// to describe young British writers, though it was derived from the autobiography of Leslie Paul, founder of the Woodcraft Folk, whose "Angry Young Man" was published in 1951.

-Nathan Clark

Climax
(Kailee Rees 5-25-08) Climax is the part of a book or movie where it is most intense. The main problem is solved here. Usually the climax is only a few pages or minutes. Most of the time, or pages, build up to the climax.
 * Example:**There are 2 main problems in here: 1) Calvin can't get get a cigarette and, 2) He wants one NOW. Box 4 soves the 1st problem and box 9 solves the 2nd problem. Those 2 boxes would be considered the climax in this comic strip.

Conflict
[May25th, 2008 by Aubrey Pound aka dinosaur14] Definitions: For Example: media type="custom" key="791213" media type="custom" key="791219"
 * A problem in a story between characters.
 * To come into collision or disagreement; be contradictory, at variance, or in opposition; clash.
 * Tensions between characters.
 * The conflict in "And Then There Were None" was ... An anonymous killer gathers a collection of strangers on Indian Island to murder them as punishment for their past crimes.
 * The conflict in the story ["Touching Spirit Bear"] was his anger. He solved his anger problem by getting sent to the island. The island changed his life by teaching him there is more to life than just fighting.

Connotation
A connotation is something suggested by a word or a thing. An implied meaning. (by Nathen Neel 4-24-2008)

Contrast

 * Contrast** is the dissimilarity or difference between things. Another meaning for contrast is in the context of color. This can be the opposition of items that are compared or the act of distinguishing via differences comparison. The act of linguistics contrast is the act of expressing the distinctions between words.(It is used in the writing form compare and **contrast**)

-Nathan Clark

Explanatory
Sydney Lancaster May 25, 2008 Explanatory Definition: serving to explain: an explanatory footnote.

Exposition
(4-23-08 by Brianna)

Exposition:
 * Writing or speech primarily intended to convey information or to **explain**; a detailed statement or explanation; explanatory treatise:
 * The act of expounding, setting forth, or **explaining**: the exposition of a point of view.
 * Dialogue, description, etc., that **gives the audience or reader the background of the characters and the present situation**.

So basically, the exposition is explaining the background of the characters, the situation, etc.



Here is a video explaining exposition:

media type="custom" key="692531"

Falling Action
(4-23-08 by Brianna)

Falling Action:
 * The part of a literary plot that occurs after the climax has been reached and the conflict has been resolved.



Here is a video showing what a falling action is:

media type="custom" key="692571"

Fiction
Ficition means, simply put, "not true". For example a book labled " ficition " is not true/is made up. So a book labled "historical ficition" would be a "made up" story with some kind of connection to an event in history. -(eddie the breakdancin mule)

Figurative Language
Sydney Lancaster May 25th 2008 Definition: speech or writing that departs from literal meaning in order to achieve a special effect or meaning, speech or writing employing figures of speech media type="youtube" key="dvkQaxREGDQ&hl=en" height="355" width="425" Examples: //His car hugged the road as it turned the corner.// //It's raining cats and dogs.// //It's so hot I could fry an egg on the sidewalk.//

Foreshadowing
[May 25th, 2008 by Aubrey Pound aka dinosaur14] Definitions: For Example:
 * To present an indication or a suggestion of beforehand; presage.
 *  The use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in the story, often used to build suspense or tension in a story. [ [[http://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_terms.htm%5D%3C/span%3E%3C/span%7Chttp://middle.usm.k12.wi.us/Faculty/Reimer/literary_te|here]]]
 * Foreshadowing is the presentation in a work of literature of hints and clues that tip the reader off as to what is to come later in the work.
 * Vera’s first sight of Indian Island, which she thinks looks sinister, hints at the trouble to come; the old man’s warning to Blore on the train that the day of judgment is approaching hints that Blore will soon die; the “Ten Little Indians” poem lays out the pattern for the imminent murders; Vera’s fascination with both the poem and the hook on her ceiling presage her eventual decision to hang herself.

Genre
a genre is basicly the "kind" of book or magazene, (or whatever!). A few examples of genres are, adventure, horror, sci-fi, mystery, etc. - (eddie the breakdancin mule)

glossary
The glossary in a book is where you can look up definitions of hard words you find in the book. -(eddie the breakdancin mule)

**Hyperbole**
A hyperbole is a figure of speech in which statements are exaggerated. Hyperbole is used to create a strong impression or effect. (by Nathen Neel 4-24-2008)

Imagery
(Benny Gardner 5-25-08) Imagery is something that uses any or all of the five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, touching.



Index
The index in a book is where you can find the page numbers for everything in the book. For example thi window in the top right of this page is sorta like an index. -(eddie the breakdancin mule)

Inversion
(by Benny Gardner 5-16-08) Inversion is another device of poetry is the changing of the usual order of words.It is uasually found in old classic poems. But it is sometimes used by modern writers for the sake of emphasis. For example Humbert Wolfe wrote: "Here by the rose-tree they planted once of Love in Jeopardy an Italian bronze." http://www.tnellen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/inversion.html

Metaphor
4/18/08 (by Heidi)

A Metaphor is:


 * 1) A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in //“a sea of troubles”// or //“All the world's a stage”// (Shakespeare).
 * 2) One thing conceived as representing another; a symbol: //“Hollywood has always been an irresistible, prefabricated metaphor for the crass, the materialistic, the shallow, and the craven”// (Neal Gabler).

Here are a couple movies: media type="custom" key="681025" media type="custom" key="681045" width="108" height="111" media type="custom" key="681053"

non-ficition
Non-ficition means, well, for starters "not ficition" (duh!). To sum it all up in a nutshell, non-ficition means that whatever it is is true. So a book that is labled "non-ficition" is true. Example "The book, "True stories", is probabaly true, or "non ficition". -(eddie the breakdancin mule)

Onomatopea
Onomatopea is, a word or a group of words that imitates a sound it is describing. Like, a click of a mouse, a buzz of a bee, an oink of a pig, and a slurp of a drink, -(Clarissa)f

Personification
(4-23-08 by Brianna)

Personification:
 * The attribution of a personal nature or character to inanimate objects or abstract notions, esp. as a rhetorical figure.
 * A character portrayal or representation in a dramatic or literary work.



Here is a clever video using personification through animals called "The Case of the Missing Bone:" media type="custom" key="692593"

Poem
4/18/08 (by Heidi)

A Poem Is:


 * 1) A verbal composition designed to convey experiences, ideas, or emotions in a vivid and imaginative way, characterized by the use of language chosen for its sound and suggestive power and by the use of literary techniques such as meter, metaphor, and rhyme.
 * 2) A composition in verse rather than in prose.
 * 3) A literary composition written with an intensity or beauty of language more characteristic of poetry than of prose.
 * 4) A creation, object, or experience having beauty suggestive of poetry.

Here is a video: media type="custom" key="680943"

Here are a few poems (I don't know how great they are but they are poems):

**(4-21-08 By Trevor Mi.) A Pre-fix is a set of letters like bi- tri- im- that change the meaning of a word so a example is passible means a chance of or cam happen but if you throw in a im- infront of it it means no not a chance or cant happen there are alot of prefixes to change a meaning as we learned in Mr Jone's class earlier in the year here is a video =) http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=9c64f1a9ee2dee805ae5 (4-23-08 by Brianna)
 * Pre-Fix

Resolution: Here is a video showing what a resolution is: media type="custom" key="692581"
 * A solution, accommodation, or settling of a problem, controversy, etc.

Rising Action
(4-23-08 by Brianna)

Rising Action:
 * A related series of incidents in a literary plot that build toward the point of greatest interest.



Here is a video showing what a rising action is:

(I know it's a little hard to hear him, but listen carefully & you'll be able to)

media type="custom" key="692551"

Setting
The setting in a book is the place or time in which the book takes place. For example, "A long time ago, in a galaxy far far away..." is the setting for Star Wars. (Jacob Flandro, 5/27/08)

media type="youtube" key="jPjOU0qBTog&hl=en" height="355" width="425"

Simile
4/18/08 (by Heidi)

A Simile is: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by //like// or //as,// as in //“How like the winter hath my absence been”// or //“So are you to my thoughts as food to life”// (Shakespeare).

Here are a few videos: media type="custom" key="680993" media type="custom" key="681005" media type="custom" key="681007" media type="custom" key="681035"

**Suffix** A suffix is a add on to a word. The suffix -Ed makes a word past tense like closed the door or the suffix -S makes it plural or more than one. Alot of ours have suffix here is a example of a sentence using suffixes (note I just made this sentence up) Sally had lot**S** of fun but it was nearly imposs**ABLE** to try her hard**EST (Trevor Miller)**

Theme
the theme of a book is the, well the definition of theme is reallllllly close to the definition of topic, so i am just going to say that a theme is pritty much defined by the word "topic" Example, "the theme of our birthday party was a hawian lou" (Jacob Flandro 5/28/08)-At 6:30 in the morning!!!!!

Topic
The topic is the subject matter of a discussion, conversation article or literary work. Example - the students had a hard time keeping with the topic, because it was almost lunchtime. (Jacob Flandro 05/27/08)

Villain
A **villain** is an "evil" character in a story, whether an historical narrative or, especially, a work of fiction. The villain usually is the **bad guy**, the character who fights against the hero. A female villain is sometimes called a **villainess**. Random House Unabridged Dictionary defines villain as "a cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime; scoundrel; or a character in a play, novel, or the like, who constitutes an important evil agency in the plot."

-Nathan Clark

Watermark
A **watermark** is a recognizable image or pattern in paper that appears lighter when viewed by transmitted light (or darker when viewed by reflected light, atop a dark background). There are two main types of watermark, the Dandy Roll process, and the more complex Cylinder Mould process. A watermark is very useful in the examination of paper because it can be used for dating, identifying sizes, mill trademarks and locations, and the quality of a paper.

-Nathan Clark